Formulation of Polyherbal and Evaluation
for Anti Diabetic Effect
H.S. Chandel1, A. Pathak2 and M. Tailang2*
1Truba Institute of Pharmacy- Bhopal (M.P),
India
2Department
of Pharmacy, Barkatullah University- Bhopal(M.P),
India
3Department
of Drug Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology- Derna,
Libya
INTRODUCTION:
Herbal medicines have played a vital role in the therapeutics when
safe and efficient therapy is required. Herbs had been used by all cultures
throughout history but India has one of the oldest, richest and most diverse
cultural living traditions associated with the use of medicinal plants1.
Presently the need for herbal drugs is growing because of the fact that these
are biosafe with no side effects. Many analysis-based
studies regarding pharmacological research in India2,3, have been
conducted in the past. Pharmaceutical research across the world shows that,
natural products are potential sources of novel molecules for drug development4
.
Diabetes is the world’s largest endocrine disease involving
metabolic disorder of carbohydrate, fat and protein. According to the WHO
projections, the prevalence of diabetes is likely to increase by 35%5.
Statistical projections about India suggest that the number of diabetics will
rise from 15 million in 1995 to 57 million in the year of 2025 making it the
country with the highest number of diabetics in the world6. In this
work a polyherbal formulation was developed and
compared with that of a marketed formulation.
MATERIALS
AND METHODS:
Different herbs based on exhaustive literature survey were
selected and these were authenticated by the Head Department of Pharmacy Barkatullah University Bhopal. Purified water was used in
the entire study.
Method of Preparation
1. All the individual drugs were dried using
hot air oven at 40şC for 24 hours.
2. The individual drugs were then crushed using
Willing grinder and passed through mesh no. 40.
3. The individual drugs were then weighed as
per the quantity required on digital precision balance (Accuracy: 0.1g, Jyoti Scientific, India).
4. The drugs were mixed geometrically using
double cone blender (Jyoti Scientific, India;
TIP/PCS/DCB/01).
The mixed formulation was unloaded in a polythene bag, weighed, labeled
and packed in glass bottles. The weight of the formulation was 100 grams. Two
formulations with different herbs were prepared. Both the formulations were
prepared with same method as reported. The constituents of both the
formulations are as follows:
Table
1 Ingredients for Formulation 1
|
Sr.
No. |
Ingredient |
Quantity
taken |
|
1.
|
Gudmar foil |
15 gm |
|
2.
|
Jamun seed |
15 gm |
|
3.
|
Karela seed |
10 gm |
|
4.
|
Kundroo root |
10 gm |
|
5.
|
Asgandg |
10 gm |
|
6.
|
Pure shilajeet |
1 gm |
|
7.
|
Neem Kauree |
10 gm |
|
8.
|
Gurhal pushp |
5 gm |
|
9.
|
Tulsi root |
9 gm |
|
10.
|
Vijaysar wood |
15 gm |
Pharmacological Evaluation
The methanolic extracts of the formulations were utilized for
the pharmacological screening of the formulations. One
gram of methanolic extracts of in-house prepared
formulations were separately triturated with polyvinyl pyrrolidone
(PVP 0.2 g) and added water for injection in success amount to make up the
final volume to 100 ml (0.2%w/v). Adult albino rats of either sex (100-200 Gms) were selected for the study and were divided in to groups of six in each group. Rats were acclimatized for
a period of two-three days in the new environment and subsequently used for
further study. Toxicological studies revealed that albino rats tolerated
considerably high dose of methanolic extract (700 µg/kg body weight, orally) without any toxic manifestation.
Therefore doses of 150 µg twice a day/kg-body
weight, twice a day, of methanolic extracts were
administered orally to the alloxan induced diabetic
albino rats7. Animals were divided in four groups of six animals
each. The diabetes was experimentally induced by i.v. administration of alloxan
monohydrate 150 µg twice a day/kg of body
weight. Alloxan is given by rapid intravenous
injection, as its half-life in the body is only a few seconds. The diabetes is
induced within 24 hours if the rats were fasted before the alloxan
injection. Diabetes is checked by measuring blood glucose level using
Glucometer8. Haemo gluco
test 200-800R(HGT) method was utilized for the measurement of blood glucose
level. Blood Sample collected by retro orbital puncture under light ether
anesthesia. The blood glucose level was determined after fixed intervals of
four days and the study was continued for a period of twenty-eight days.
Group-I: Control
Adult
albino rats were fed with 0.1 ml poly vinyl pyrolidone
(PVP) solution (0.2%w/v).
Group-II: Glibenclamide
treated
Adult
albino rats were orally administered with 50 µg twice a day/Kg of body
weight of Glibenclamide.
Group-III: Formulation-1 extract treated
Adult
albino rats were orally administered with 150 µg twice a day/kg of body
weight of methanolic extract of Formulation-1.
Group-IV: Marketed formulation extract
treated
Adult
albino rats were orally administered with 150 µg twice a day/kg of body
weight of methanolic extract of Madhushoonya
(Meghdoot).
Table 2. Estimation of Blood glucose level in alloxan induced diabetic albino rats.
|
Group |
AIBGL Mg/dL |
First Day (mg/dl) |
Forth Day (mg/dl) |
Eighth Day (mg/dl) |
Twelfth Day (mg/dl) |
Sixteenth Day (mg/dl) |
Twentieth Day (mg/dl) |
Twenty-
Forth Day (mg/dl) |
Twenty-
Eighth Day (mg/dl) |
|
GP-I 2%
PVP w/v 0.1 ml |
368.67 ±
5.13 |
365.05 ±
6.15 |
365.33
±10.36 |
362.66
±9.15 |
358.01 ±
5.19 |
356.67
±15.3 |
353.33 ±
6.33 |
352.33 ±
11.55 |
249.67 ±
6.89 |
|
GP-II Glibenclamide 50 µg twice a
day/Kg |
304.17 ±
9.60 |
266.49
± 6.11 |
210.33
± 8.11 |
188.32 ±12.11 |
165.33
±11.52 |
154.33
±5.56 |
134.5
±5.89 |
121.14
±13.23 |
101.33
±5.33 |
|
GP-III Formulation-1 150 µg twice a
day/Kg |
384.65 ±8.36 |
365.87 ±11.45 |
317.69 ±8.56 |
268.47 ±11.76 |
222.47 ±9.21 |
186.23 ±12.45 |
142.87 ±10.58 |
119.46 ±12.47 |
102.56 ±10.56 |
|
GP-IV Marketed
Formulation 150 µg twice a day/Kg |
356.78 ±7.63 |
348.43 ±8.43 |
310.67 ±13.71 |
264.95 ±14.42 |
218.46 ±12.25 |
184.21 ±11.43 |
142.38 ±12.46 |
122.54 ±12.42 |
105.78 ±8.36 |
Values reported are Mean ± S.D. and n=6; AIBGL:
Alloxan induced blood glucose level
Table 3.
Percentage reduction of Blood glucose level in alloxan
induced diabetic albino rats.
|
Group |
First Day (mg/dl) |
Forth Day (mg/dl) |
Eighth Day (mg/dl) |
Twelfth Day (mg/dl) |
Sixteenth Day (mg/dl) |
Twentieth Day (mg/dl) |
Twenty-
Forth Day
(mg/dl) |
Twenty-Eighth
Day (mg/dl) |
|
GP-I 2%
PVP w/v 0.1 ml |
0.98 |
0.97 |
1.63 |
2.71 |
3.25 |
4.16 |
4.43 |
5.15 |
|
GP-II Glibenclamide 50 µg
twice a day/Kg |
12.38 |
30.85 |
38.08 |
45.64 |
49.26 |
55.78 |
60.17 |
66.68 |
|
GP-III Formulation-1 150
µg twice a day/Kg |
4.88 |
17.41 |
30.20 |
42.16 |
51.58 |
62.86 |
68.94 |
73.34 |
|
GP-IV Marketed
Formulation 150
µg twice a day/Kg |
2.34 |
12.92 |
25.74 |
38.77 |
48.37 |
60.09 |
65.65 |
70.35 |
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
In the present work, we
evaluated the hypoglycemic activity of the methanolic
extracts of the marketed and prepared in-house formulations in alloxan induced diabetic rats. As shown in the table the methanolic extracts significantly reduced the blood glucose
level in alloxan induced diabetic rats. The extracts
were administered through oral routs in a dose of 150 mg twice a day/kg of body
weight/twice a day with 0.2 % polyvinyl pyrrolidone
solution. The hypoglycemic activity of methanolic
extract of Formulaion-1 showed 73.34% antidiabetic
activity whereas marketed formulation -2 showed 70.35% activity. The
formulation showed potential for its use in anti diabetic therapy in the sense
that the in house prepared formulation possesses a comparable activity when
compared to that of the marketed formulation.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
Authors acknowledge Curator, Medicinal
garden, Truba Institute of Pharmacy, Bhopal for
providing all the herbs and Head Department of Pharmacy Barkatullah
University for providing necessary facilities for completion of the present
work.
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Received on 24.02.2011
Accepted on 27.02.2011
© A&V Publication all right reserved
Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and
Phytochemistry. 3(3): May- June 2011, 134-136